2 Samuel 3:8

Authorized King James Version

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Then was Abner very wroth for the words of Ish-bosheth, and said, Am I a dog's head, which against Judah do shew kindness this day unto the house of Saul thy father, to his brethren, and to his friends, and have not delivered thee into the hand of David, that thou chargest me to day with a fault concerning this woman?

Original Language Analysis

וַיִּחַר֩ wroth H2734
וַיִּחַר֩ wroth
Strong's: H2734
Word #: 1 of 33
to glow or grow warm; figuratively (usually) to blaze up, of anger, zeal, jealousy
לְאַבְנֵ֨ר Then was Abner H74
לְאַבְנֵ֨ר Then was Abner
Strong's: H74
Word #: 2 of 33
abner, an israelite
מְאֹ֜ד very H3966
מְאֹ֜ד very
Strong's: H3966
Word #: 3 of 33
properly, vehemence, i.e., (with or without preposition) vehemently; by implication, wholly, speedily, etc. (often with other words as an intensive or
עַל H5921
עַל
Strong's: H5921
Word #: 4 of 33
above, over, upon, or against (yet always in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great variety of applications
דִּבְרֵ֣י for the words H1697
דִּבְרֵ֣י for the words
Strong's: H1697
Word #: 5 of 33
a word; by implication, a matter (as spoken of) or thing; adverbially, a cause
אִֽישׁ H0
אִֽישׁ
Strong's: H0
Word #: 6 of 33
בֹּ֗שֶׁת of Ishbosheth H378
בֹּ֗שֶׁת of Ishbosheth
Strong's: H378
Word #: 7 of 33
ish-bosheth, a son of king saul
וַיֹּ֙אמֶר֙ and said H559
וַיֹּ֙אמֶר֙ and said
Strong's: H559
Word #: 8 of 33
to say (used with great latitude)
הֲרֹ֨אשׁ head H7218
הֲרֹ֨אשׁ head
Strong's: H7218
Word #: 9 of 33
the head (as most easily shaken), whether literal or figurative (in many applications, of place, time, rank, itc.)
כֶּ֥לֶב Am I a dog's H3611
כֶּ֥לֶב Am I a dog's
Strong's: H3611
Word #: 10 of 33
a dog; hence (by euphemism) a male prostitute
אָנֹכִי֮ H595
אָנֹכִי֮
Strong's: H595
Word #: 11 of 33
i
אֲשֶׁ֣ר H834
אֲשֶׁ֣ר
Strong's: H834
Word #: 12 of 33
who, which, what, that; also (as an adverb and a conjunction) when, where, how, because, in order that, etc
לִֽיהוּדָה֒ which against Judah H3063
לִֽיהוּדָה֒ which against Judah
Strong's: H3063
Word #: 13 of 33
jehudah (or judah), the name of five israelites; also of the tribe descended from the first, and of its territory
הַיּֽוֹם׃ me to day H3117
הַיּֽוֹם׃ me to day
Strong's: H3117
Word #: 14 of 33
a day (as the warm hours), whether literal (from sunrise to sunset, or from one sunset to the next), or figurative (a space of time defined by an asso
אֶֽעֱשֶׂה do shew H6213
אֶֽעֱשֶׂה do shew
Strong's: H6213
Word #: 15 of 33
to do or make, in the broadest sense and widest application
חֶ֜סֶד kindness H2617
חֶ֜סֶד kindness
Strong's: H2617
Word #: 16 of 33
kindness; by implication (towards god) piety; rarely (by opposition) reproof, or (subject.) beauty
עִם H5973
עִם
Strong's: H5973
Word #: 17 of 33
adverb or preposition, with (i.e., in conjunction with), in varied applications; specifically, equally with; often with prepositional prefix (and then
בֵּ֣ית׀ unto the house H1004
בֵּ֣ית׀ unto the house
Strong's: H1004
Word #: 18 of 33
a house (in the greatest variation of applications, especially family, etc.)
שָׁא֣וּל of Saul H7586
שָׁא֣וּל of Saul
Strong's: H7586
Word #: 19 of 33
shaul, the name of an edomite and two israelites
אָבִ֗יךָ thy father H1
אָבִ֗יךָ thy father
Strong's: H1
Word #: 20 of 33
father, in a literal and immediate, or figurative and remote application
אֶל H413
אֶל
Strong's: H413
Word #: 21 of 33
near, with or among; often in general, to
אֶחָיו֙ to his brethren H251
אֶחָיו֙ to his brethren
Strong's: H251
Word #: 22 of 33
a brother (used in the widest sense of literal relationship and metaphorical affinity or resemblance [like h0001])
וְאֶל H413
וְאֶל
Strong's: H413
Word #: 23 of 33
near, with or among; often in general, to
מֵ֣רֵעֵ֔הוּ and to his friends H4828
מֵ֣רֵעֵ֔הוּ and to his friends
Strong's: H4828
Word #: 24 of 33
a friend
וְלֹ֥א H3808
וְלֹ֥א
Strong's: H3808
Word #: 25 of 33
not (the simple or abs. negation); by implication, no; often used with other particles
הִמְצִיתִ֖ךָ and have not delivered H4672
הִמְצִיתִ֖ךָ and have not delivered
Strong's: H4672
Word #: 26 of 33
properly, to come forth to, i.e., appear or exist; transitively, to attain, i.e., find or acquire; figuratively, to occur, meet or be present
בְּיַד thee into the hand H3027
בְּיַד thee into the hand
Strong's: H3027
Word #: 27 of 33
a hand (the open one [indicating power, means, direction, etc.], in distinction from h3709, the closed one); used (as noun, adverb, etc.) in a great v
דָּוִ֑ד of David H1732
דָּוִ֑ד of David
Strong's: H1732
Word #: 28 of 33
david, the youngest son of jesse
וַתִּפְקֹ֥ד that thou chargest H6485
וַתִּפְקֹ֥ד that thou chargest
Strong's: H6485
Word #: 29 of 33
to visit (with friendly or hostile intent); by analogy, to oversee, muster, charge, care for, miss, deposit, etc
עָלַ֛י H5921
עָלַ֛י
Strong's: H5921
Word #: 30 of 33
above, over, upon, or against (yet always in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great variety of applications
עֲוֹ֥ן with a fault H5771
עֲוֹ֥ן with a fault
Strong's: H5771
Word #: 31 of 33
perversity, i.e., (moral) evil
הָֽאִשָּׁ֖ה concerning this woman H802
הָֽאִשָּׁ֖ה concerning this woman
Strong's: H802
Word #: 32 of 33
a woman
הַיּֽוֹם׃ me to day H3117
הַיּֽוֹם׃ me to day
Strong's: H3117
Word #: 33 of 33
a day (as the warm hours), whether literal (from sunrise to sunset, or from one sunset to the next), or figurative (a space of time defined by an asso

Analysis & Commentary

Then was Abner very wroth for the words of Ish-bosheth, and said, Am I a dog's head, which against Judah do shew kindness this day unto the house of Saul thy father, to his brethren, and to his friends, and have not delivered thee into the hand of David, that thou chargest me to day with a fault concerning this woman?

This verse contributes to the narrative of Abner Defects and Dies, emphasizing political maneuvering, revenge consequences. This chapter illustrates the complexity of political transition and personal revenge. Abner's defection using covenant language (brit, בְּרִית) contrasts with Joab's treacherous murder, demonstrating how personal vengeance undermines national purposes. The text develops themes of legitimate vs illegitimate authority, the corrupting power of revenge, and maintaining integrity when others act unethically.

Historical Context

The historical setting of 2 Samuel 3 occurs during David's reign (circa 1010-970 BCE) over Israel's united monarchy. Archaeological discoveries, including the Tel Dan inscription mentioning the 'House of David,' corroborate biblical historicity. Ancient Near Eastern customs regarding political maneuvering, revenge consequences provide crucial background. The geopolitical situation involved regional powers—Philistines, Ammonites, Arameans, Moabites, Edomites—as David consolidated and expanded Israel's territory. Cultural practices concerning kingship, warfare, covenant relationships, family dynamics, and religious observance differed significantly from modern Western contexts, requiring careful attention to avoid anachronistic interpretation while extracting timeless theological principles applicable across cultures and eras.

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